Anarchy Essays (1831 words) - Anti-capitalism, Anti-fascism

Anarchy Throughout the ages, man has toiled with various forms of government. From early day aristocracies to modern day democracies, man has developed theories of the ideal government. Of these governments, Anarchy has proven itself to be an unrealistic form of government. Anarchists pose different views of absolute liberty and the degree of government intervention as to the governmental figure of the times. Anarchy comes from the Greek word, anarchos, prefix an meaning not, the want of, the absence of, or the lack of, plus archos, meaning a ruler, director, chief, person in charge, or authority, derived as having no government or without rule (Ask.com). Justice defines anarchism as the name given to a principle of theory of life and conduct under which society is conceived without government - harmony in such a society being obtained, not by submission to law, or by obedience to any authority, but by free agreements concluded between various groups, territorial and professional, freely constituted for the sake of production and consumption, as also for the satisfaction of the infinite variety of the needs and aspirations of a civilized being[.] In a society developed on these lines, the voluntary associations which already now begin to cover all fields of human activity would take a still greater extension so as to substitute themselves for the state of its functions (Tigerden.com). It is the form of government where it rejects all forms of domination, as distinguished from power (Creagh). An example of anarchism in Sir Thomas Mores Utopia describes of a governmental system where each town sends three of its older to an annual meeting at Aircastle to discuss the general affairs of the island (74). It depicts a life of the least amount of governmental intervention within the individual and of the state. Anarchism was meant to be that an individual should be free; where no one has the right to enslave another, boss another, rob another of ones belongings, or impose upon another person. It generally means that the individual should be free to do the things he wants to do; and that the individual should not be compelled to do what the individual does not want to do (Tigerden.com). A brief history of what and how anarchy came about as depicted in the Anarchist Timeline. Anarchism is usually associated with its heredity found as a recent western phenomenon. But as one digs deep into anarchy, one finds its roots reach deep within the ancient civilization of the East. The first clear expression of anarchist awareness may be traced as far back as sixth century B.C. to the Taoists in ancient China. Later on in history, in ancient Greece during 270 B.C., Zeno, the founder of the Stoic philosophy, who rejected the omnipotence of the state, its regiments and interventions, and proclaimed the sovereignty of the moral law to that of an individual. In 1793, during the upstart of the French Revolution, the English writer, William Godwin, was the first to devise the political and economical conceptions of anarchism (Zpub.com). During the nineteenth century and later on, as acknowledged in Ask.com, shows a vast majority of anarchist movements. For example, the Paris Commune in 1871 played an important role in the development of both anarchist ideas and movement. It was a movement where a major city declaring itself autonomous, organizing itself, leading by example, and urging the rest of the planet to follow it. Shortly after on May 1, 1886, the Haymarket Martyrs of the labor movement closely linked with the anarchist movement occurred. The struggle of the working class using direct action in labor unions to change the world depicts another system of anarchy in action (Ask.com). The Russian Revolution of 1917 shows a glimpse of an enormous growth in anarchism within the country and many experiments in anarchist ideas according to Ask.com. The Revolution was not brought about by ordinary people struggling towards freedom but as the means by which Lenin imposed his dictatorship in Russia. The initial overthrow of the Tsar, thought by many, was not enough. All across Russia, ordinary people seized workplaces and lands and eventually overthrew the feudal exploitation of the colonies and built organizations, unions and co-operatives in anarchist fashion.

Free Essays on The Womans Temperance Union

, the opinions of fathers and husbands were their voice. Women personally thought and feelings were neglected and were not paid great attention. Part I: The Emergence of a Popular Women’s Consciousness The great thing was women woke up an in18th century. They wanted to have some voice in the public sphere. They could no longer allow and be the one who waited for someone else to make decision for them. â€Å"The emergence of a popular woman’s consciousness of difference from, and antagonism to, men, developing through four phases of women’s religious activity, from the mid eighteenth century through the late nineteenth century.† The first phase was the Great Awakening of 1740-44. However, women looked familiar to follow someone else decision in their life and wait for a leader to make the change which they were things. They participated in the revivals which followed the Great awakening, their number was obviously equal to men, but there were no particular women’s consciousness, and no particular female role, seems to have emerged. The second phase was the female evangelism of the Second Great Awakening of 1797-1840. These time women still played a role who helped in fostering revivals, and women’s deep respect took on a job that was directed especially against the men who were not pious enough in their standards. In the latter half of the nineteenth century, although women’s religious activity began to beyond the way they used to do, they liked a such young baby who could not be independent from the parent. Women were continuing as they often to do to be based in the church. The Woman’s... Free Essays on The Woman's Temperance Union Free Essays on The Woman's Temperance Union The Women’s Christian Temperance Union Historically many women devoted their whole life to their families and societies. The only name they could use in public was the family name or the husband name. They even had no right to vote since the vote unit was the family at that time. In other words, the opinions of fathers and husbands were their voice. Women personally thought and feelings were neglected and were not paid great attention. Part I: The Emergence of a Popular Women’s Consciousness The great thing was women woke up an in18th century. They wanted to have some voice in the public sphere. They could no longer allow and be the one who waited for someone else to make decision for them. â€Å"The emergence of a popular woman’s consciousness of difference from, and antagonism to, men, developing through four phases of women’s religious activity, from the mid eighteenth century through the late nineteenth century.† The first phase was the Great Awakening of 1740-44. However, women looked familiar to follow someone else decision in their life and wait for a leader to make the change which they were things. They participated in the revivals which followed the Great awakening, their number was obviously equal to men, but there were no particular women’s consciousness, and no particular female role, seems to have emerged. The second phase was the female evangelism of the Second Great Awakening of 1797-1840. These time women still played a role who helped in fostering revivals, and women’s deep respect took on a job that was directed especially against the men who were not pious enough in their standards. In the latter half of the nineteenth century, although women’s religious activity began to beyond the way they used to do, they liked a such young baby who could not be independent from the parent. Women were continuing as they often to do to be based in the church. The Woman’s...

Framing in the Media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Framing in the Media - Essay Example All this can be attributed to the framing in media done whereby perceptions are manipulated by controlling the timing, amount and content of information sharing. Human beings not eager to think rely on such frames and become entwined to it. Framing, a tool used by media, have thus by far played a crucial role when it comes to shaping individual and group opinions. Framing in media is a concept that goes back to as early as 1920’s. As a famous scientist named Lippman puts in â€Å"The media would control public opinion by focusing attention on selected issues while ignoring others. Known as the "agenda-setting" hypothesis, the idea that people were easily susceptible to media influence was soon derided as an overly simplistic misperception of the viewing audience.† Framing, a term used in media studies, sociology and psychology, refers to the social creation of a social phenomenon by mass media sources or specific political or social movements or organizations. It is an inevitable process of selective influence over the individual's perception of the meanings attributed to words or phrases. A frame defines the wrapping of an element of rhetoric in such a way as to encourage certain interpretations and to discourage others. The basis of framing theory is that media filters out certain issues and then give them a desired meaning which entities accept. In a nutshell, frame refers to the way in which information is organized and presented, and how it is depicted by the audiences. Over the years, various researches have been conducted to address the issue that whether it is a genuine public opinion that is occasionally voiced out or is it a mere implant of opinions that are expressed, by the not so honest voice of public, also known as â€Å"the media†. Media over the time feed people with and shapes and modifies opinions those existing within them. All the thinking is done by the media and we merely conform to the comfortable thoughts provided t o us and accept them. Human beings by nature prefer to do little or no thinking and they find refuge in the thoughts and ideas provided to them and thus this is how framing in media works. Framing provides the sender i.e. the media enormous power to shape and filter the opinions of the receivers. Framing is deemed successful when the frame projected is congruent with the frame of the recipients and produce resonance and thus the desired response. Accordingly humans often easily accept the opinions shaped by the media and choose to think and act in ways desired by the media. How an issue is presented have far reaching consequences. Researchers Krosnick & Brannon (1993) used national survey data to explain national changes in mood. During 1992, the media refocused its attentions from the war to the national economy. Based on sophisticated statistical analyses, Krosnick & Brannon demonstrated that this media refocus largely accounted for Bush's declining popularity in 1992. By what mea ns an issue is organized and presented by the media can drastically change individual preferences and opinion. Media thus forces us to think and contemplate in ways they want. Through framing, media tends to influence peoples’ perceptions and the way they see the issue at hand. It not only provides them with the news to think over, but it also frames the minds as to how to reflect on an issue. Therefore, they tend to think in the way they are expected to. Cognitive biases often lead to illogical interpretations,

Challenges in College Recruiting Research Proposal

Challenges in College Recruiting - Research Proposal Example This section will explain the issue under examination and its significance. In this case, the challenges facing recruitment in colleges will be examined with the aim of finding recommendations on how to handle the challenges in the future. The research will be conducted on the existing information on the issue. Academic sources such as Google books and scholarly articles will be used. The results obtained will be summarized, and the critical studies discussed. The citation will be done in APA, as required. The data will also be analyzed to determine its relevance to the solution of the issue. The primary reason for analyzing the available background information is to identify the areas of the problem that it fails to address. The resulting questions that are not dealt with by the existing information will be posted as proof of the insufficiency of the literature review. Finally, the question (s) to be pursued for the research will be chosen from the ones developed from the information. The questions been examined will be described, citing reasons as to why the research is viable. The specific issues under study will be listed, and introducing the interrelationship between the question and the question stated in the introduction. The particular claim, in this case, is that there are various challenges that affect the process of recruitment in colleges and other institutions of learning. Some of the problems include ideological differences and corruption. The elimination of these social evils would lead to a better process of recruiting and enrolling students in a college. The topic was chosen because these challenges are ignored yet there are possible ways of eliminating them. The aim of the research is thus to identify the challenges and recommend possible means of dealing with them. That involves a description of the methods of data collection and analysis to be used to complete the research. In this case, data collection will be done through the use of

Information and Communication Technologies (Icts) In University Essay

Information and Communication Technologies (Icts) In University - Essay Example This essay stresses that traditional approaches that were initially used in education involved actual classes, actual lectures and the use of individually written notes as opposed to the softcopy notes currently available. Information and communication technology has enhanced the educational discourse and learning process in the world in a number of ways that the traditional approaches did not. This paper makes a conclusion that the change in educational pedagogy due to the introduction of information technology enabled approaches has created significant impacts and enhanced learning in universities across the globe. With the use of technology, university students have today been granted a number of advantages that others did not have several years ago. The traditional educational environment was not well suited to address the emerging and dynamic educational needs of the students and this affected the level of academic growth and maturity. Graduates who were previously exposed to the traditional pedagogical educational instruction at university level have continued to face challenges with the information technology enabled work environment. While traditional pedagogical methods educational approaches used printed books and publication for education purposes, the introduction of ICT has diversified sources of information for students. Tools such as e-learning, e-books and o nline journals have enabled students and lecturers to access information with ease.

Sleep Deprivation And Academic Performance Physical Education Essay

Sleep Deprivation And Academic Performance Physical Education Essay The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between sleep deprivation and academic performance. Specifically, this study examined the awareness of students on the importance of sleep, to determine the average amount of sleep a student get a night, to show the correlation between sleep deprivation and academic performance as well as to investigate the comparison on sleep deprivation between Arts and Sciences students. This study employed a quantitative research methodology involving the use of questionnaires. The result shows that majority who obtain higher CGPA were those who slept for less than 7 hours, but the students who obtained lower CGPA were also those who slept less. Hence, sleep deprivation is negatively correlated with academic performance among CFS IIUM in this study. Sleep is a crucial necessity in our life as it helps to restore energy, repair the body, lose weight and keeps us mentally and physically alert (Malana, 2011). It is also very important in improving memory and reducing stress. Judy Monroe Peterson (2010) defines sleep as a state which we become oblivious to the world around us. The need for sleep is just like how we need food and water. For most people, it is normal to spend one-third of their lives sleeping. In the Islamic perspective, sleep is the sign of the power and greatness of Allah SWT in creating a perfect system in humans life. Besides, Islam clearly emphasizes on the importance of sleep. There have been many times the Quran mentions about sleep and guidance on the good nature of sleep. In the Quran, Allah says, And it is He who has made the night for you as clothing and sleep [a means for] rest and has made the day a resurrection. (25:47) Sleep deprivation is defined as an overall deficiency in the necessary amount of sleeping hours that a person is supposed to have in a day. Average adults need seven to nine hours of sleep (Morganthaler, 2011). Sleeping for less than 6 hours a night has been shown to affect coordination, mental alertness and can even lead to irritability, mood disorders, weight gain, and hallucination (Ramiccio, 2011). Previous research have shown that people who are sleep deprived perform worse on thinking and memory task than who are not suffering from sleep deprivation. If we do not get enough sleep, the memory of what we have learnt that day will possibly not remain for long. Nowadays, people tend to neglect the importance of sleep in life. Sleep deprivation is said to have been affecting millions of people around the world, especially college students. College students are more likely to suffer from sleep deprivation due to their hectic lifestyle. They often have to stay up past midnight to complete their assignments, projects and work on time. Some students even pull all-nighters as a means of learning to achieve higher grades. Research shows that students who often pull all-nighters and sleep deprived have slightly poorer academic performance than students who do not (Perkins, 2011). According to Lowry, Dean, and Manders (2010), a students GPA does have a relationship with the amount of sleep a student receives per night. In their findings, the students who slept more a night tend to get higher grades than the students who did not. The results pertaining to sleep deprivation showed that sleep quantity, and not sleep quality correlates with academic performance. Previous studies outlined by W. Kelly, K. Kelly and Clanton (2001) concluded that short sleepers would report lower GPAs than long sleepers. The lack amount of sleep the short sleepers experienced affect their academic achievement as a result of a decreased ability to focus on education-related activity. Trockel, Barnes and Egget (2000) supported that sleep habit accounts for some of the variance in first year college students GPA. Ahmed et al. (2012) also suggested that poorer academic performance is shown to be associated with a late bedtime on weekdays and weekends. Their study showed that from 410 students surveyed, 28% had excellent performance and 72% had average performance. The excellent group had an earlier bedtime every day in contrast to the average group which had a higher percentage of students who felt sleepy during class. With these propositions, it can be concluded that certain sleep habits are significantly related with academic performance. Hamza et al. (2012) in their research concerning sleep disorder also discovered that among medical students the ESS score indicated that 36.6% of participants were considered having abnormal sleep habits. Normal ESS scores (p=0.019) and the academic grades >3.75 was related with sleeping between 6-10 hours per day. The results demonstrated that abnormal ESS scores were associated with lower academic performance (p=0.002). However, contrary to other studies, a research by Mehrunissa and Anam (2011) argued that sleep did not seem to have any effect on the academic achievement. Their study showed that students who slept for less than 7 hours obtained good grades (A, B) but the majority who failed were also those who slept less. Furthermore, 63.5% of the participants still thought that sleep did not affect their academic performance. Hence, it is concluded in their studies that sleep deprivation did not correlate with students academic performance. Hence, this present research is conducted to study the relationship between sleep deprivation and academic performance among CFS IIUM students. It is presumed that students who are sleep deprived have lower GPAs than students who sleep well. The research questions to be investigated in this study are as follows: Do students consider sleep as important? What is the average amount of sleep the students get a night? How does sleep deprivation correlate with the GPA of the students? Who are more sleep deprived, arts or sciences students? Methodology Introduction This section discusses the methodology of the research. The main purpose of this research is to study the relationship between sleep deprivation and academic performance among Centre for Foundation Studies IIUM students. Surveys were administered to college students of Centre for Foundation Studies IIUM with 6000 students population to assess their sleep patterns and behaviour which correlates with their academic achievement. Data for the research were collected through distribution of questionnaires and surveys online. Instruments The use of quantitative research methodology is employed in this study which is the questionnaire. The questionnaire consists of 6 questions divided into 2 sections which comprises of demographic information and questions concerning sleep assessment. All are close-ended questions. Question 1, 2 and 3 consist of multiple choice questions while Question 4 consists of Yes/No question. Question 5 and 6 are Likert scale type of question and students are required to answer all questions. Respondents The respondents of the study were the students from Arts and Sciences programmes at CFS IIUM. A total of 50 questionnaires were distributed manually and via online surveys. Of these numbers, 16 are Arts students while 34 are Sciences students. Procedure The questionnaires were distributed randomly to all CFS IIUM students at various places such as classrooms and hostels. The surveys were also conducted online. Data Analysis For data analysis, data were entered into the computer and tabulated. The tabulated data were then presented in the form of bar graph, column graph and pie chart by using the spreadsheet software which is Microsoft Office Excel. Data were analyzed from the graph to describe the data as it was easier and more readable. Findings and Discussion This section discusses the results of the research on the relationship between sleep deprivation and academic performance among CFS IIUM students. The findings will be divided into important topics found from a survey received from 50 students of CFS IIUM. The Awareness on The Importance of Sleep Figure 1: The Importance of Sleep Among Students Figure 1 shows how each student rated the importance of sleep. Referring to the graph, it is found that majority of CFS IIUM students were aware that sleep is very important which comprises 58% of them and almost 40% of students said that sleep is important while only 4% believe that sleep is not important. Majority of the students of CFS IIUM were aware with the importance of sleep regardless of what courses they are in. The results were anticipated as the respondents were all students and they probably had known many facts about sleep from various reading material such as magazines and books. Besides, there were handful of students with computers and internet that made it easier for them to search about this issue. To sum it up, the students awareness on the importance of sleep generally yields a satisfactory result. Number of Hours of Sleep Figure 2: Hours of Sleep per Night Figure 2 shows the average hours of sleep students get per night. Based on the figure, the results clearly show that most of the students sleep for 4 to 6 hours per night. Least students are to have been sleeping for only 1 to 3 hours and 10 to 12 hours per night. In addition, less of the students sleep for 7 to 9 hours per night. Contrary to the previous finding, even though most of the students were aware of the importance of sleep, many of them slept for only 4 to 6 hours per night. This was maybe due to more time spent on studying and students were more likely to stay up past midnight working on tutorials and assignments. Briefly said, most of the students are sleep deprived as average adults need seven to nine hours of sleep to be considered as having a good sleep habit (Morganthaler, 2011). Sleep Behaviour Figure 3: Having a hard time falling asleep at night Figure 3 demonstrates the percentage of students who have a hard time falling asleep at night on a scale of one to six, six being very true and one being not at all true. Majority said that having a hard time falling sleep at night is not true (30%) while only 8% said that it is very true. A possible explanation for this might be that most of the students were not suffering from sleep disorders. This was because having a hard time falling asleep at night indicates disturbance in sleep quality but not sleep quantity. Thus, it was probably the students, although sleep deprived, were still having good quality of sleep. Figure 4: Getting sleepy in class Figure 4 shows the percentage of students who get sleepy in class on a scale of one to six, six being very true and one being not at all true. From the figure, we can see that thirty-four percent of students said that they are neutral in getting sleepy in class and only eight percent said it is true. As what had been discussed previously, getting sleepy in class was also one of the effect of poor sleep quality. Majority said that they are neutral which means the chance to get sleepy is equal. This result shows that the act of getting sleepy is negatively correlated with less quantity of sleep. It might be due to that even most of the students slept for only 4 to 6 hours and considered as sleep deprived, their chance of dozing in class is lower indicating better sleep quality. Figure 5: Pulling all-nighters studying In general, Figure 5 reveals the percentage of students who pull all-nighters on a scale of one to six, six being very true and one being not at all true. Majority of the students chose to be neutral and none of them stated that it was very true to pull all-nighters studying. Pulling all-nighters brought the meaning of when you stay up  all  night through to the next morning with no sleep, for example, studying or working to meet a deadline. The students might be pulling all-nighters infrequently. The possible factors that might lead them to pull all-nighters were studying for upcoming quizzes and examinations and also working on assignments. Figure 6: Having a consistent sleep schedule Figure 6 demonstrates the percentage of students have a consistent sleep schedule on a scale of one to six, six being very true and one being not at all true. Majority of the students stated that it is not true to have a consistent sleep schedule. These findings suggest that the students were not having a consistent sleep schedule due to their busy daily routine. They spent most of their time studying, therefore they tend to have irregular sleep and wake times. The Correlation Between Sleep Deprivation on Academic Performance Figure 7: The Relationship Between Sleep Deprivation and Academic Performance Figure 7 shows the relationship between sleep deprivation and academic performance. Most of the students who obtain CGPA 3.0 to 3.9 and 4.0 slept for 4 to 6 hours per night. The number of hours of sleep for students who achieve CGPA 2.0 to 2.9 are also 4 to 6 hours. This part will present the correlation between sleep deprivation and academic performance among CFS IIUM students by assessing their CGPA. It is hypothesized at the beginning of this study that students who are sleep deprived has lower CGPA than students who sleep well. What is very significant here is, even though, the students were sleep deprived, they still managed to obtain good results and higher CGPA. But, the students who achieve lower CGPA were also those who suffer from sleep deprivation. In other words, sleep deprivation may and may not affect students academic performance. It is probably other factors that may give impact on students academic achievement other than sleep deprivation such as learning style and level of intelligence. This result of this study seemed to confirm the findings of a study by Mehrunissa and Anam (2011) which also suggested that sleep did not seem to have any effect on the academic achievement. This finding however contradicts another past research finding. Previous research suggested that sleep deprivation has a positive relationship with poorer academic performance. The results pertaining to sleep deprivation showed that sleep quantity, and not sleep quality correlates with academic performance (Lowry, Dean Manders, 2010). Sleep Deprivation Between Arts and Sciences Students Score Number of Students 1 6 10 7 8 7 9 15 30 16 > 3 Table 1: Score of Epworth Sleepiness Scale Table 1 shows that majority of the students obtain the score of 9 to 15 which comprises 30 of them. Scoring 9 to 15 indicates that the subjects are sleepy and should seek medical help. Only 3 obtain 16 or more which showed that they were dangerously sleepy. 10 students score 1 to 6 which means they get enough sleep and not sleep deprived. Furthermore, 7 students obtain 7 to 8 which is the average score indicating also adequate sleep. From Table 1, the students were classified according to their programmes, Arts or Sciences. Figure 11: Comparison of Sleep Deprivation Between Arts and Sciences Students Figure 11 demonstrates the comparison of sleep deprivation between Arts and Sciences students. Based on the Epworth Sleepiness Scale scoring on a scale of zero to three, three being high chance of dozing and zero being no chance of dozing, it is found that Arts students were more sleep deprived than Sciences students. 75% of Arts students suffered from sleep deprivation and only 62% of Sciences students were sleep deprived. This result may be explained by the analysis of Epworth Sleepiness Scale previously which is used to measure level of daytime sleepiness. The questionnaire asked the subject to rate his or her probability of falling asleep on a scale of increasing probability from 0 to 3 for eight different situations that most people engage in during their daily lives, though not necessarily every day. A score of 10 or more is considered sleepy. A score of 16 or more is very sleepy. If you score 10 or more on this test, you should consider whether you are obtaining adequate sleep, need to improve your sleep hygiene or need to see a sleep specialist. Conclusion This research investigated the relationship between sleep deprivation and academic performance. Primary data were collected by randomly distributing questionnaires to 50 students. The following conclusions can be drawn from the study. To begin with, this study has shown that majority of the students knew the importance of sleep in their life. Nevertheless, most of the students in CFS IIUM in this study sleep for only 4 to 6 hours and may be considered as sleep deprived. The occurring of sleep deprivation might be due to their hectic lifestyle. In addition, the students in this study seemed to have quite a good sleep habit and behaviour. The results pertaining sleep behaviour showed that most of the students have a good sleep quality even they were lacking sleep quantity. The main gist of this study is the correlation between sleep deprivation and academic performance. This study showed that majority who obtain higher CGPA were those who slept for less than 7 hours, but the students who obtained lower CGPA were also those who slept less. Thus, the results of this study support the idea that sleep deprivation are not significantly related to academic performance among CFS IIUM students in this study. Undeniably, there are limitations in this study. One of the limitations is that this research was conducted only to 50 respondents of CFS IIUM students. The sample size may also have been insufficient to assess the topic under study. Moreover, the questionnaires were also distributed randomly causing uneven number of Arts and Sciences students. The results may differ when compared to other institutions.

Comparing Platos Republic and Gullivers Travels Essay example -- com

Plato's Republic and Gulliver's Travels      Ã‚  Ã‚   In The Republic, Plato attempts to define the ideal state as it relates to the tripartite division of the soul. In this division, wisdom, the rational characteristic of the soul, is the most valuable and important. In the ideal state the ruling class would be the guardians, those who maintain rationality and will operate according to wisdom. Each individual "should be put to use for which nature intended them, one to one work, and then every man would do his business" (276d). This conception of the ideal state is exemplified in Jonathon Swift's Gulliver's Travels, within the society of the Houyhnhnms. Each member of the society maintains a role which he or she was born into, and according to Gulliver the Houyhnhnms are "wise and virtuous" (Swift, 260). These two qualities are most valuable to Plato within the ideal state, and are manifest in Houyhnhnm land.    The problems that occur within these "utopias" are the central problems of democracy. The question that arises is whether or not a state such as either of these is just. This problem is far too great to understand within the context of these societies, so in an attempt to understand the beneficial aspects it should be realized that if considered without "moral" judgements, these societies could function appropriately. Plato'... ...nd do just that. The maintenance of a virtuous state requires a unanimous understanding of each member's place and position. Without this understanding the ideal state cannot exist; this is why sometimes the pleasures of the individual must be overruled in favour of the needs of the society.    Works Cited Donoghue, Denis. Jonathan Swift: A Critical Introduction. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, 1969. Marra, James L., Zelnick, Stephen C., and Mattson, Mark T.  Ã‚   IH 51 Source Book: Plato,   The Republic, pp. 77-106. Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company, Dubuque, Iowa, 1998. Swift, Jonathan. Gulliver's Travels. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998.

Law Revision Kit Certified Public Accountants Essay

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the copyright owner. This publication may not be lent, resold, hired or otherwise disposed of by any way of trade without the prior written consent of the copyright owner. Â © THE REGISTERED TRUSTEES STRATHMORE EDUCATION TRUST 1992 INSTRUCTIONS FOR STUDENTS This study guide is intended to assist Distance Learning students in their independent studies. The course has been broken down into eight lessons each of which should be considered as approximately one week of study for a full time student. Solve the reinforcement problems verifying your answer with the suggested solution contained at the back of the distance learning pack. When the lesson is completed, repeat the same procedure for each of the following lessons. At the end of lessons 2, 4, 6 and 8 there is a comprehensive assignment that you should complete and submit for marking to the Distance Learning administrator. SUBMISSION PROCEDURE 1.After you have completed a comprehensive assignment clearly identify each question and number your pages. 2.If you do not understand a portion of the course content or an assignment question indicate this in your answer so that your marker can respond to your problem areas. Be as specific as possible. 3.Arrange the order of your pages by question number and fix them securely to the data sheet provided. Adequate postage must be affixed to the envelope. 4.While waiting for your assignment to be marked and returned to you, continue to work through the next two lessons and the corresponding reinforcement problems and comprehensive assignment. On the completion of the last comprehensive assignment, a two-week period of revision should be carried out of the whole course using the material in the revision section of the study pack. At the completion of this period, the final Mock Examination paper should be completed under examination conditions. This should be sent to the Distance Learning Administrator to arrive in Nairobi at least five weeks before the date of your sitting the KASNEB Examinations. This paper will be marked and posted back to you within two weeks of receipt by the Distance Learning Administrator. ACKNOWLEDGMENT We gratefully acknowledge permission to quote from the past examination papers of the following bodies: Kenya Accountants and Secretaries National Examination Board (KASNEB); Chartered Institute of Management Accountants (CIMA); Chartered Association of Certified Accountants (ACCA).

Gibersons Glass Essays

Gibersons Glass Essays Gibersons Glass Essay Gibersons Glass Essay Dear Mr.. Gibbering, After a careful review and analysis of your annual costs and income, our team has some suggestions on how to best make a profit for your business. It seems that the prices you are charging for your products too low to cover all of your costs. Since the main constraint in your business is your time, we determined a rate that you should charge per minute of your time in order to make a profit. We then came up with a price per piece that we suggest that you charge according to how much time it takes for you to make the product ready to sell. : Our suggested pricing is as follows: These prices were determined based on your charging $. 76/minute, which would allow you to make $55,000/year. That would cover all of your costs ($50,391 year) and allow you to make your truck payments ($2000/year). It will also give you a little cushion of net income. This will also include the $25000 that youd like to earn each year. Additionally, we think that your willingness to hire part-time help for the finishing work could free up more of your time for blowing glass, to make you even more money. If you price the items as we have suggested above, then you will earn 1 AAA/week. You would pay out roughly $38/week for part-time labor at the rate of $5/hour, 7 hours per week, taking away $1 ,375/week. Since that would free up that amount of time for you to blow glass, you could make about 28 extra Wrapped Tumblers per week, since this is your most popular item. At $18/piece you would earn an extra $504/week, minus pay for part-time help would bring you down to $494/ week and $19,760/year. Even if your hired help does not work as quickly and efficiently as you and despite the fact that you would have to train them, any additional income that is made is purely profit to you, since your expenses are cover already by charging higher prices for your product. It seems that you could make these extra items at no additional cost by using your clean scrap. This would save on that amount of waste that is produced each week, as well. You should still have enough culled to use in the following weeks batch. Producing additional product could also help alleviate the two week backlog that you are experiencing. All data and calculations have been included for you throughout the report. We sincerely hope that this information is helpful to you when making these important decisions for your business. Please dont hesitate to contact us with any questions or concerns in regards to this information or if you have questions regarding future business plans. Regards, Your team The Absorption Income Statement has been created for you to demonstrate how your your expenses exceed your total revenue, resulting in lost net income. Throughout this report, we will make suggestions as to how you can improve your total net income by reducing expenses.

City of Louisville vs. Humprey †Law Research Summary (300 Level Course)

City of Louisville vs. Humprey – Law Research Summary (300 Level Course) Free Online Research Papers City of Louisville vs. Humprey Law Research Summary (300 Level Course) 461 S.W. 2d 352 (1971) 1) Facts: The appellee obtained judgment on a verdict for $56,534.34 against appellant for injuries, resulting in the death of her husband, which she claimed he received after his arrest or while he was confined in the citys jail. The city appeals. We reverse. Before stating the facts, we should emphasize the appellees theory of the case that her husbands fatal injuries were inflicted by one or both of the two arresting officers, or by a jail employee, or by a fellow prisoner. The deceased, Ruel McKinley Humphrey, a hard-workingman about 59 years of age with some drinking problems, was highly intoxicated about 2:15 a.m., the morning of November 21, 1966. He was wandering around in the vicinity of Frankfort and Hite Avenues, near his home, when a report was received by Louisville Police Headquarters that he was shaking doors in that neighborhood. The officers proceeded to arrest him and to deliver him to the booking clerk at the city jail at 2:35 a.m. He was retained in the holdover department in the basement of the city jail until 4:15 a.m., when he was taken by elevator to the third floor of the jail. The two guards in charge of the third floor of the jail testified that immediately after the deceased stepped off the elevator on the third floor, he began to fall down or collapse. One of the guards caught him and lightened his fall. Shortly thereafter he was dragged by the two guards to the drunk tank and left lying on the floor with his feet toward the entrance of the tank. Two of the jail employees testified that no one else was in the drunk tank while the Deceased was there. However, a third employee testified that the believed there was another prisoner in the drunk tank’ during that time. At 7:15 a.m. a jail guard attempted to awaken deceased in order that he might appear in court that morning. The guard was unable to arouse him, concluding that Humphrey was in a high state of intoxication. At noon the guard again attempted to arouse him without success. He was then taken to Louisville General Hospital and found to be unconscious with a sub dural hematoma from injuries apparently received around the left eye and forehead. He underwent brain surgery and died on December 13, 1966. 2) Judicial History: The appellee obtained judgment on a verdict for $56,534.34 against appellant for injuries, resulting in the death of her husband, which she claimed he received after his arrest or while he was confined in the citys jail. The city appeals and the courts ruled in their favor. 3) Issues: Whether the court erred in finding for the plaintiff in the circuit court case, where her husband may have had inflicted injuries while in the custody of the Louisville police. Whether or not Res Ipsa Loquitor will apply to this case. 4) Rules: Res Ipsa Loquitor, and Liability 5) Analysis: There is no concluding evidence that the deceased received these injuries while in custody of the Louisville police department. Res Ispa Loquitor will not apply to this circumstance because it is not known whether the prisoner received these from the police or by a fellow prisoner. 6) Conclusion: The Court ruled on behalf of the city sustaining the appellant’s motion for judgment notwithstanding the verdict. Research Papers on City of Louisville vs. Humprey - Law Research Summary (300 Level Course)Book Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationComparison: Letter from Birmingham and Crito19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraQuebec and CanadaThe Hockey GameMoral and Ethical Issues in Hiring New EmployeesThe Fifth HorsemanCanaanite Influence on the Early Israelite ReligionPersonal Experience with Teen Pregnancy

Market efficiency Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Market efficiency - Essay Example There are various forms or degrees of market efficiency which exists. These comprise of strong market efficiency, semi-strong market efficiency and the weak form market efficiency (Ho & Yi, 2004; p. 57). Acknowledging the efficient market hypothesis in its simplest and purest form might be hard; nevertheless there are three main types of efficient market hypothesis which have the purpose of reflecting the extent to which it can be used in the security markets. First is the strong-form efficiency which is the strongest form and it states that all information and facts in the market, whether in the public or private hands is incorporated in the stock prices. There is no insider information that might grant the investor an extra advantage (Cataldo, 2003, p. 27). Secondly, there is the semi-strong efficiency form of efficient market hypothesis. This asserts that all public information present in the market is used in the derivation of the stock’s present price. In this form of eff iciency fundamental and technical analysis cannot be applied to achieve better profits for the investor. Lastly, there is the weak form efficiency which alleges that all historical prices of a security are replicated in the current stock’s price. Thus, technical analysis cannot be of any use in predicting the future stock’s price and eventually beating the market (Basse & Bassen, 2010; p. 51). Part II Evaluation of the Market Efficiency The nature and type of information is not required to be constrained to financial news and studies only. As a matter of fact political news economic news and news regarding social events merged with the way the investors incorporate such information, whether it might be true or mere rumors, will be replicated in the securities prices. According to the theory of the efficient as prices react to similar information there is no investor who will be in a position to earn superior profits over the other. This kind of observation is seen in s trong form efficiency where all available public information is incorporated in the stock’s price (Zhang, 2008; p. 66). Using the random Walk theory asserts that in any efficient market, prices normally become unpredictable such that they are random. In this respect, there is no investment trend that can be detected in such a manner that any predetermined approach to investing in the stock might not be that profitable. This type of ‘Random Walk of stock’s prices described in the school of thought of the efficient market hypothesis might lead into a failure of any form of investment plan that has the main objective of beating the market regularly (Moyer, Mcguigan, & Kretlow, 2009; p. 48). As a matter of fact the theory proposes that any transaction cost incurred in the management of portfolio might be more successful for an investor to place his or her money into index funds (Bauwens & Giot, 2001; p. 49). Evidence against the Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) Ther e are some anomalies within the market that cannot allow an investor to use the historical prices, private information or public information to obtain abnormal profits. In an actual market of investment, arguments against the Efficiency market hypothesis. Some authors claim that there are investors who have beaten the market and obtained abnormal profits (Graham, Smart & Megginson, 2010; p. 359). A point of focus is especially on the argument that there are sometimes stocks in the market which have been

Lobbying and Legislative Red Tape Impacting Reform Research Paper

Lobbying and Legislative Red Tape Impacting Reform - Research Paper Example Governments have been working on reducing red tape especially in America and Europe. Red tape hinders competition and productivity in any organization. Companies and citizens find it difficult to comply with the overburdening requirements by the government. These rules have become a burden to businesses and society at large (Nova Scotia, 10). This is why controlling of policies and guidelines is exceedingly significant. However, the advocating for reduction in red tape could impose more harm to the businesses by adding more regulations. Some researchers argue that only green lobbying can prevail over red tape. This green lobbying will ensure that only the relevant regulations concerning taxation and other significant issues will be stemmed out. The regulations which most affect businesses are to be stemmed out to allow for the growth of businesses. These green tactics can improve the economy of the country and, therefore, the quality of life. There has been massive lobbying involving non-governmental and governmental groups. These groups have been fighting for few rules and regulations which involve the economy and especially small enterprises (OECD). These measures prohibit the existing obligations and are also working to simplify the obligations. The simplification of the red tape regulations largely depends on the problems that are facing the society at large. Simplification also includes simplification of licenses and reducing the procedures involved in obtaining the licenses. The setting up of new procedures a ccording to the lobbyists is extremely significant. These new procedures have to be incorporated in the institutional setting of strategy creation. Red tape causes an increase in problems connected with excessive government regulations of businesses. Campaigns regarding bureaucracy will be of use if they entail efforts by individuals both in the inside and outside of red tape. The people on the inside